The Huemul is endemic for southern Chile and Argentina, ranked Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 1973. Despite the unknown number of copies in existence, its present population is estimated at an amount less than 1,500 copies worldwide.
Threats for this species are multiples and varied, mostly of anthropogenic origin, possibly being of greatest impact until nowerdays, farming and forestry activities, poaching and diseases transmitted by cattle and pets such as dogs.